Abstract
Introduction: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease caused by two main viruses, namely Coxsackievirus A16 and Human Enterovirus 71. The reported cases are increasing at an alarming rate. Therefore, this study aims to study the epidemiology of HFMD in Pasir Puteh in order to plan targeted public health intervention to curb the spread of this disease.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study using data from E-notifikasi database. All notified positive cases in Pasir Puteh district were included in the study from 1st -22nd Epidemiology Week 2022. Positive cases of HFMD are defined as anyone with mouth or tongue ulcer, maculopapular rashes and or vesicles on palms or soles, with or without history of fever within the specific period. The data is analysed with SPSS version 23.
Result: A total of 394 registered HFMD cases reported, 226 (57.6%) are male and 168 (42.6%) are female. Majority of the cases are under 7 years old (89.1%) and Malay ethnicity (99.0%). There are only 6 cases (1.5%) received in patient treatment, of which one of them are admitted to ICU for HFMD complications. Only 4.3% of the registered cases had sent clinical sample with the positive rate of 47.1%. EV 71 and Panenterovirus are detected from the positive clinical sample. A total 6 HFMD outbreak was declared, 5 involved kindergarten and 1 household outbreak. Only 86.6% of the cases seek treatment within 3 days after onset of symptoms. 97% of the cases are detected by passive case detection. Discussion: This study findings are consistent with previous studies which show the HFMD commonly affect children below 6 years old and male predisposition. Therefore, more prevention and control measures are needed for this specific group. Public health policy should aim to instil the concept of self-hygiene, environmental hygiene, isolate the symptomatic and gate-keeping in educational institution to minimise the risk of transmission of HFMD. Prevention, control and health promotion on early treatment is required as there are still 13.2% of the case presented after 3 days of onset to allow prompt public health intervention. Further research to evaluate the epidemiology of HFMD outbreak in Kelantan are needed.
Links
- https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/APCPH2022-P-45.pdf
- https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/wpforms/1176-1e04940bb5d885bf8711ed1909[...]
BibTeX (Download)
@proceedings{APCPH2022-P-45,
title = {Epidemiological characteristic of Hand, Foot and Mouth disease in Pasir Puteh District, Kelantan 2022},
author = {Tiong Wen Ning and Nik Anisuddin Atiqi Wan Abdul Rahman and Zawiyah Dollah},
url = {https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/APCPH2022-P-45.pdf
https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/wpforms/1176-1e04940bb5d885bf8711ed19095a89ed/Epidemiological-characteristics-of-Hand-Foot-and-Mouth-Disease-i-25f408e29f9c5dbc172e946ecc4928e7.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-02},
urldate = {2022-08-02},
issue = {7},
abstract = {Introduction: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease caused by two main viruses, namely Coxsackievirus A16 and Human Enterovirus 71. The reported cases are increasing at an alarming rate. Therefore, this study aims to study the epidemiology of HFMD in Pasir Puteh in order to plan targeted public health intervention to curb the spread of this disease.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study using data from E-notifikasi database. All notified positive cases in Pasir Puteh district were included in the study from 1st -22nd Epidemiology Week 2022. Positive cases of HFMD are defined as anyone with mouth or tongue ulcer, maculopapular rashes and or vesicles on palms or soles, with or without history of fever within the specific period. The data is analysed with SPSS version 23.
Result: A total of 394 registered HFMD cases reported, 226 (57.6%) are male and 168 (42.6%) are female. Majority of the cases are under 7 years old (89.1%) and Malay ethnicity (99.0%). There are only 6 cases (1.5%) received in patient treatment, of which one of them are admitted to ICU for HFMD complications. Only 4.3% of the registered cases had sent clinical sample with the positive rate of 47.1%. EV 71 and Panenterovirus are detected from the positive clinical sample. A total 6 HFMD outbreak was declared, 5 involved kindergarten and 1 household outbreak. Only 86.6% of the cases seek treatment within 3 days after onset of symptoms. 97% of the cases are detected by passive case detection. Discussion: This study findings are consistent with previous studies which show the HFMD commonly affect children below 6 years old and male predisposition. Therefore, more prevention and control measures are needed for this specific group. Public health policy should aim to instil the concept of self-hygiene, environmental hygiene, isolate the symptomatic and gate-keeping in educational institution to minimise the risk of transmission of HFMD. Prevention, control and health promotion on early treatment is required as there are still 13.2% of the case presented after 3 days of onset to allow prompt public health intervention. Further research to evaluate the epidemiology of HFMD outbreak in Kelantan are needed.},
howpublished = {published online at https://apcph.cphm.my},
note = {Type: POSTER PRESENTATION; Organisation: Pasir Puteh District Health Office},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {proceedings}
}