Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Health services infrastructure an interplay of resources; equipment, logistics, transport, supplies, manpower, management and information are crucial for effective delivery of quality health care programmes. This paper critically analyses the Malaysians PHC infrastructure historical development in its effort to reduce urban-rural divide targeting equitable access. METHODS: This review collated information through literature search from published and unpublished research papers. RESULTS: In pre-colonial period, health care facilities relate to cultures of the native people. It became more structured during the post-independence period in 1957. Driven by the goal of building an equitable health care system, reducing the urban-rural health divide, the Three-tier Rural Health Services was created and gradually transformed to Two-tier system in the 1970s to reduce delays in relaying referrals for medical attention. Further reforms were seen in 1994 when the outpatient services were transferred from the hospitals to the health clinics giving even greater prominence to primary care services. Modernisation of the health infrastructure development were guided by the Medical and Design Brief that provides standardisation according to scope of services syncing intimately the services, manpower and infrastructure. The mobile health services continue to penetrate making deeper inroads to remote areas and marginalised groups. DISCUSSION: During the course of time with urbanisation taking place, delivery systems, scope of services and health care infrastructure including the physical build-up design for health clinic are crafted with the aim of leaving no one behind whether they are in rural or urban, remote or in the heart of the city.
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@proceedings{APCPH-2019-108,
title = {40 Years of Alma Ata Malaysia: Infrastructure Phc Development Reducing the Urban-Rural Divide Targeting Equitable Access Through Urbanisation for Health},
author = {Fariza Fadzil and Safurah Jaafar and Rohana Ismail},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-22},
urldate = {2019-07-22},
journal = {6th Asia-Pacific Conference on Public Health 2019 Proceedings},
issue = {6},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Health services infrastructure an interplay of resources; equipment, logistics, transport, supplies, manpower, management and information are crucial for effective delivery of quality health care programmes. This paper critically analyses the Malaysians PHC infrastructure historical development in its effort to reduce urban-rural divide targeting equitable access. METHODS: This review collated information through literature search from published and unpublished research papers. RESULTS: In pre-colonial period, health care facilities relate to cultures of the native people. It became more structured during the post-independence period in 1957. Driven by the goal of building an equitable health care system, reducing the urban-rural health divide, the Three-tier Rural Health Services was created and gradually transformed to Two-tier system in the 1970s to reduce delays in relaying referrals for medical attention. Further reforms were seen in 1994 when the outpatient services were transferred from the hospitals to the health clinics giving even greater prominence to primary care services. Modernisation of the health infrastructure development were guided by the Medical and Design Brief that provides standardisation according to scope of services syncing intimately the services, manpower and infrastructure. The mobile health services continue to penetrate making deeper inroads to remote areas and marginalised groups. DISCUSSION: During the course of time with urbanisation taking place, delivery systems, scope of services and health care infrastructure including the physical build-up design for health clinic are crafted with the aim of leaving no one behind whether they are in rural or urban, remote or in the heart of the city.},
note = {Type: ORAL PRESENTATION; Organisation: Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, International Medical University, Malaysia, Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia},
keywords = {access, apcph2019, equity, PHC Infrastructure, universal health coverage, urban-rural divide},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {proceedings}
}