Abstract
Background: Kuala Muda District reported the first human-human transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia on 6thFebruary 2020. The peak of COVID-19 cases reported and the high number of deaths in Kuala Muda district occurred during Delta wave between May to September 2021. COVID-19 deaths reported also showed high number of brought-in-dead (BID) cases. We aimed to determine the prevalence of BID among COVID-19 deaths in Kuala Muda district, to compare the characteristics between inpatient deaths and BID cases and to determine the factors associated with COVID-19 BID cases.
Methodology: We conducted a registry-based retrospective observational study of COVID-19 deaths notified to Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (CPRC) Kuala Muda District Health Office between January 2020 and June 2022. 921 deaths in Kuala Muda district notified to CPRC Kuala Muda district during these period were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of BID among COVID-19 deaths in Kuala Muda District were 18.2%. Among the Chinese, the proportions of BID were significantly higher compared to inpatient deaths. The proportions of cases who did symptomatic screening (50.3%) and screening following contact to positive cases (29.0%) among inpatient deaths were significantly higher compared to BID cases. 75% of all BID cases were tested positive in forensic department during BID investigation prior to post mortem. In the final regression model, three variables emerged as significant predictors for BID; age, presence of symptom(s) and vaccination status. Cases aged ranged between 51-60, 61-70 and above 70 years were 58%, 65% and 62% respectively less likely to be BID (Aged 51-60=AOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.19-0.93, aged 61-70=AOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.16-0.78 and aged more than 70=AOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.78) compared to aged less than 30 years. Cases with symptoms were 64% less likely to be BID than those who did not complaint of any symptom (AOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.24-0.55). Cases who completed vaccination were 1.71 times more likely to be BID (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.15-2.55) than those who were unvaccinated.
Conclusion: Age, presence of symptom(s) and vaccination status appear to be significantly associated with brought-in-dead cases among COVID-19 deaths in Kuala Muda district. Health education and health promotion on community empowerment that focuses on health seeking behaviour for prevention and control of COVID-19 infection and deaths in Kuala Muda district should be tailored according to age group and with the insistence on symptoms and continuous promotion on vaccination.
Links
- https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/APCPH2022-O-25.pdf
- https://apcph.cphm.my/events/oral-session-7-ballroom-A/
BibTeX (Download)
@proceedings{APCPH2022-O-25,
title = {Factors Associated with COVID-19 Brought-In-Dead Cases in Kuala Muda District},
author = {Eliana Ahmad and Habshoh Hat and Hasniza Hasim and Nur Hasyimah Mat Saad and Shazana Rifham Abdullah and Nurul Anis Ramli and Nawal Izzati Aminudin and Shahizat Rosli and Suziana Redzuan},
url = {https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/APCPH2022-O-25.pdf
https://apcph.cphm.my/events/oral-session-7-ballroom-A/},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-01},
urldate = {2022-08-02},
issue = {7},
abstract = {Background: Kuala Muda District reported the first human-human transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia on 6thFebruary 2020. The peak of COVID-19 cases reported and the high number of deaths in Kuala Muda district occurred during Delta wave between May to September 2021. COVID-19 deaths reported also showed high number of brought-in-dead (BID) cases. We aimed to determine the prevalence of BID among COVID-19 deaths in Kuala Muda district, to compare the characteristics between inpatient deaths and BID cases and to determine the factors associated with COVID-19 BID cases.
Methodology: We conducted a registry-based retrospective observational study of COVID-19 deaths notified to Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (CPRC) Kuala Muda District Health Office between January 2020 and June 2022. 921 deaths in Kuala Muda district notified to CPRC Kuala Muda district during these period were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of BID among COVID-19 deaths in Kuala Muda District were 18.2%. Among the Chinese, the proportions of BID were significantly higher compared to inpatient deaths. The proportions of cases who did symptomatic screening (50.3%) and screening following contact to positive cases (29.0%) among inpatient deaths were significantly higher compared to BID cases. 75% of all BID cases were tested positive in forensic department during BID investigation prior to post mortem. In the final regression model, three variables emerged as significant predictors for BID; age, presence of symptom(s) and vaccination status. Cases aged ranged between 51-60, 61-70 and above 70 years were 58%, 65% and 62% respectively less likely to be BID (Aged 51-60=AOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.19-0.93, aged 61-70=AOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.16-0.78 and aged more than 70=AOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.78) compared to aged less than 30 years. Cases with symptoms were 64% less likely to be BID than those who did not complaint of any symptom (AOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.24-0.55). Cases who completed vaccination were 1.71 times more likely to be BID (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.15-2.55) than those who were unvaccinated.
Conclusion: Age, presence of symptom(s) and vaccination status appear to be significantly associated with brought-in-dead cases among COVID-19 deaths in Kuala Muda district. Health education and health promotion on community empowerment that focuses on health seeking behaviour for prevention and control of COVID-19 infection and deaths in Kuala Muda district should be tailored according to age group and with the insistence on symptoms and continuous promotion on vaccination.},
howpublished = {published online at https://apcph.cphm.my},
note = {Type: ORAL PRESENTATION; Organisation: Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Kuala Muda, Sungai Petani, Kedah; Institut Penyelidikan Perubatan, Kuala Lumpur; Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Yan, Guar Chempedak, Kedah; Pejabat Kesihatan Padang Terap, Kuala Nerang, Kedah.},
keywords = {brought-in-dead, Covid-19, COVID-19 deaths, inpatient deaths, vaccination},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {proceedings}
}