Abstract
Background: Existing anthropometric studies for respirator designs are based on the head and facial dimensions of Americans and Chinese nationals, with no studies for multi-ethnic countries like Malaysia. This study aimed to create head and facial morphological database for Malaysia, specifically to identify morphological differences between genders, ethnicities, and birthplaces, as well as predictors of the dimensions.
Methodology: A nation-wide cross-sectional study using a complex survey design with two stage-stratified random sampling was conducted among 3,324 participants, aged 18 years and above who were also participants of the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2020. The study collected data on sociodemographic, measurement of Body Mass Index (BMI) and 10 head and facial dimensions (3 dimensions were measured using direct measurement, and 7 others using Digimizer software for 2-dimension images). Linear regression was performed to determine the association between gender, ethnicity, birthplace, age and BMI and the dimensions.
Results: There were significant differences in all the dimensions between sex, birthplace and ethnicity (p<0.005). Further analysis using Linear regression showed sex, ethnicity, birthplace, age and BMI were significant predictors of the dimensions. In comparison to studies from the United States and China, our study population had a wider interpupillary distance and nose breadth for both male and female participants, but smaller bigonial breadth and smaller minimal frontal breadth. Conclusion: These findings could assist in the design and sizing of respirators that will fit Malaysians and possibly other Southeast Asian population.
Links
- https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/APCPH2022-P-53.pdf
- https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/wpforms/1176-1e04940bb5d885bf8711ed1909[...]
BibTeX (Download)
@proceedings{APCPH2022-P-53,
title = {Head and Face Anthropometric Study for Respirators in the Multi-Ethnic Asian Population of Malaysia},
author = {Yin Cheng Lim and Ameerah Su'ad Abdul Shakor and Nadia Mohamad and Muhammad Alfatih Pahrol and Rohaida Ismail and Zhuo Lin Chong and Mohd Hatta Abdul Mutalip and Mohd Azahadi Omar and Mahmoud Danaee and Guo Tung Wan and Rafiza Shaharudin},
url = {https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/APCPH2022-P-53.pdf
https://apcph.cphm.my/wp-content/uploads/wpforms/1176-1e04940bb5d885bf8711ed19095a89ed/APCPH2022-P-53-128ac6ee5dc64588a800d8cbc5b1430b.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-02},
urldate = {2022-08-02},
issue = {7},
abstract = {Background: Existing anthropometric studies for respirator designs are based on the head and facial dimensions of Americans and Chinese nationals, with no studies for multi-ethnic countries like Malaysia. This study aimed to create head and facial morphological database for Malaysia, specifically to identify morphological differences between genders, ethnicities, and birthplaces, as well as predictors of the dimensions.
Methodology: A nation-wide cross-sectional study using a complex survey design with two stage-stratified random sampling was conducted among 3,324 participants, aged 18 years and above who were also participants of the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2020. The study collected data on sociodemographic, measurement of Body Mass Index (BMI) and 10 head and facial dimensions (3 dimensions were measured using direct measurement, and 7 others using Digimizer software for 2-dimension images). Linear regression was performed to determine the association between gender, ethnicity, birthplace, age and BMI and the dimensions.
Results: There were significant differences in all the dimensions between sex, birthplace and ethnicity (p\<0.005). Further analysis using Linear regression showed sex, ethnicity, birthplace, age and BMI were significant predictors of the dimensions. In comparison to studies from the United States and China, our study population had a wider interpupillary distance and nose breadth for both male and female participants, but smaller bigonial breadth and smaller minimal frontal breadth. Conclusion: These findings could assist in the design and sizing of respirators that will fit Malaysians and possibly other Southeast Asian population.},
howpublished = {published online at https://apcph.cphm.my},
note = {Type: POSTER PRESENTATION; Organisation: Environmental Health Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia; Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia; Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Department of Pharmacy, Sungai Buloh Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia},
keywords = {bivariate; craniofacial; face dimensions; facial size; respiratory fits test; respirators sizing},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {proceedings}
}